Question: I've been good at studies since I was young.  I am now an ordinary civil worker.  Some of my friends who hardly finished school and college have been very successful.  How can this be explained?  Or am I unlucky?

       In 1999, the Danning-Kruger phenomenon was promoted by Justin Krueger and David Danning.  According to this phenomenon, low-skilled individuals are characterized by:
      Appreciate their skills and experience.
      Inability to adequately assess the level of skills and knowledge of others.  Not realizing that their knowledge and experience are low.
       It is a tendency to realize that after the training or study, their competence has not changed, but they were inexperienced and uneducated before.
      The following conclusions can be drawn from this:
      They always think they are right, which gives them a sense of self-confidence. They consider themselves professionals.  Because they can't adequately compare themselves and others.
       This phenomenon is a psychological paradox that we encounter in our lives.  People with high level of experience, knowledge and intelligence in life are very hesitant in terms of their competence and abilities, they can't even start many kinds of work, thinking about the outcome of the work and its consequences.
       People who are low-skilled, low-intelligent, consider themselves genius, move forward with confidence, and make succeed.
       Danning and Kruger conducted an experimental study of these hypotheses with students from Cornell University's psychology course. For this research, they won the Schnobel Prize in Psychology in 2000.
       There are following ideas at the heart of this phenomenon, they are:
       "He who knows does not speak, he who speaks does not know" (Lao-Szi)
       "True knowledge is knowing the limits of one's ignorance" (Confucius)
       "I know that I know nothing" (Socrates)
       “A fool thinks he is wise, but a wise man thinks he is foolish.” - Shakespeare.

 Mukhtasam Sulaymonov
 Samarkand State University
 Lecturer in Psychology and Social Relations